Economic Status in the 16th Century

  • Venice had been the largest trading power in the world
    • Venice was the first trading power, and the strongest
    • In the fifteenth and early sixteenth century, Venice completely monopolized the trade industry
    • Used Crusades as a tool to increase wealth more by attacking rivals in Constantinople (World66.com)


constantinople.jpg
Sixteenth Century Constantinople
(www.hort.purdue.edu)



  • In the 16th century, the republic was experiencing an economic crisis
    • The Eastern market was lost
    • The discovery of new lands in the West and new trade routes to the East released Europe from dependence on Venetian merchants
    • Venice lost their valuable spice monopoly when Portugal arrived in the Indies
    • Venice ceased to be a Mediterranean power
    • As a European power, it lacked the advantage that the Atlantic countries had of direct access to the New World
  • Venetian policy in the 16th century was dictated by the need to keep intact its political, economic, and territorial heritage against the advance of the Turks on the one side and the pressure of the great western European powers on the other
  • The landscape of Venice was a product of its economic activities
  • The enduring foundation of Venetian wealth was maritime commerce
    • Local products such as fish and salt from the lagoon
  • The Rialto remains the core of Venetian commercial and mercantile activity
  • Venetian trade required well-constructed vessels both for transport and for protection from pirates, rivals, and Turkish military forces
  • Shipbuilding inevitably became a major industry

galleon.jpg
Sixteenth Century Ship
(history.wisc.edu)

  • It occupied a whole sector in the northeast of the city, the Arsenal—a vast assemblage of basins, yards, and workshops
  • At its entrance is an elaborately decorated gateway with a fine group of stone lions guarding what was until the 18th century Europe’s largest industrial complex
  • Parts of the Arsenal are still used for Italian military purposes, though other parts have been converted into beautiful spaces for art and architecture exhibitions or for theatrical productions (Encyclopedia Britannica)
  • After loss of political power, Venice focused on the arts


arch.jpg
Venetian Architecture
(photographers-scotland.com)


  • Venice became a tourist attraction
  • Became one of the most important musical centers in Europe
  • Exported fine silks
  • Developed Venetian glass--high quality glass in a unique range of colors, highly sought after
  • Became center for painting and architecture
  • Venetian government removed ban on theatrical performances, which, in turn, encouraged growth of theater elsewhere in Europe (World66.com)